Associate Professor University of Minnesota University of Minnesota
Abstract: This study examines the effects of remote work format on job performance in the public sector and proposes ways to facilitate its positive effects. Previous remote work studies on job performance have been conflicts between the results. In order to overcome existing research limitations and better understand remote work effects, the current study focuses on the autonomy aspect of remote work. Data from the 2020 Perception of Public Officials survey is used to analyze remote work's effect on job performance in the public sector. Based on the JD-R model, this study examines whether the autonomy aspect of remote work plays a role as a job resource. Next, using the self-determination theory as the theoretical lens, we have also proposed methods for maximizing the positive effects of remote work. The results indicate that remote work itself does not significantly moderate the relationship between work autonomy and job performance. However, individual job competence and goal clarity from the organization presents a significant joint moderation effect on the relationship between work autonomy and job performance when working remotely. When there is low goal clarity or an individual has low job competence, the positive relationship between work autonomy and job performance becomes negative. Based on these results, the study provides theoretical and practical implications for introducing a remote work format in the public sector and highlights the importance of job competence and goal clarity.
